Utah Court of Appeals

When can co-defendants receive separate peremptory challenges in Utah courts? Bee v. Anheuser-Busch Explained

2009 UT App 35
No. 20070804-CA
February 12, 2009
Reversed

Summary

Plaintiff Bee was injured during a hockey puck shooting contest at Anheuser-Busch’s Bud World Party while intoxicated. The trial court granted separate sets of peremptory challenges to defendants Anheuser-Busch and Prominence despite their stipulation that Prominence would indemnify Anheuser-Busch for any judgment. The jury found both defendants negligent but apportioned 75% fault to Bee.

Analysis

The Utah Court of Appeals addressed a critical jury selection issue in Bee v. Anheuser-Busch, clarifying when co-defendants may receive separate sets of peremptory challenges under Rule 47(e) of the Utah Rules of Civil Procedure.

Background and Facts

During the 2002 Winter Olympics, plaintiff Michael Bee attended the Bud World Party and participated in a hockey puck shooting contest while intoxicated. He slipped and fell on the ice, sustaining brain, head, and neck injuries. Bee sued Anheuser-Busch, which then filed a third-party complaint against Prominence, the event manager. The trial court granted separate sets of peremptory challenges to both defendants over Bee’s objection, reasoning that a “substantial controversy” existed between them due to breach of contract and indemnification issues.

Key Legal Issues

The central issue was whether the relationship between Anheuser-Busch and Prominence created a substantial controversy sufficient to justify separate peremptory challenges under Rule 47(e). The court also addressed voir dire questioning about tort reform and the admissibility of marketing evidence.

Court’s Analysis and Holding

The Court of Appeals reversed, holding that no substantial controversy existed between the defendants. The court explained that a substantial controversy requires “a cross-claim against a co-party that constitutes, in effect, a separate, distinct lawsuit from the action existing between the plaintiffs and defendants.” Derivative claims for indemnification or contribution do not meet this standard. Crucially, the defendants had stipulated that Prominence would pay any judgment against Anheuser-Busch, eliminating the adverseness that might justify separate challenges.

Practice Implications

This decision emphasizes that practitioners must carefully analyze the true nature of relationships between co-defendants when seeking or opposing separate peremptory challenges. Courts will look beyond formal pleadings to examine whether defendants present a “united front” against the plaintiff. When defendants have aligned interests through stipulations or agreements, separate challenges will likely be inappropriate regardless of technical cross-claims for indemnification.

Original Opinion

Link to Original Case

Case Details

Case Name

Bee v. Anheuser-Busch

Citation

2009 UT App 35

Court

Utah Court of Appeals

Case Number

No. 20070804-CA

Date Decided

February 12, 2009

Outcome

Reversed

Holding

A trial court errs in granting separate sets of peremptory challenges to co-defendants when their relationship involves only derivative claims for indemnification and contribution rather than a substantial controversy constituting a separate, distinct lawsuit.

Standard of Review

Limited discretion for determination of substantial controversy between co-defendants; abuse of discretion for voir dire management and evidence relevance determinations

Practice Tip

When opposing separate peremptory challenges for co-defendants, emphasize any stipulations or agreements that demonstrate alignment of interests and argue that derivative claims like indemnification do not create substantial controversy under Rule 47(e).

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