Utah Court of Appeals

Can prosecutorial misconduct during closing argument require reversal of a criminal conviction? State v. Jok Explained

2015 UT App 90
No. 20130493-CA
April 16, 2015
Reversed

Summary

Defendant Jok was convicted of two counts of forcible sexual abuse and one count of intoxication after being tried jointly with codefendant Akok for sexually assaulting N.C. During closing argument, the prosecutor improperly told the jury not to let defendants “take advantage” of the victim again, and the trial court denied severance and gave only a partial admonishment rather than the specific instruction requested by defense counsel.

Analysis

In State v. Jok, the Utah Court of Appeals addressed whether prosecutorial misconduct during closing argument warranted reversal, even when the trial court attempted to cure the prejudice with jury instructions.

Background and Facts

John Atem Jok and codefendant David Deng Akok were tried jointly for sexually assaulting N.C. in her apartment. The evidence showed that after N.C. fell asleep on her couch, Jok touched her breasts and digitally penetrated her vagina without consent. His codefendant then held N.C. down and raped her while Jok told her “It’s okay.” Jok was convicted of two counts of forcible sexual abuse and one count of intoxication.

Key Legal Issues

The primary issue was whether the prosecutor’s improper statement during closing argument prejudiced Jok’s right to a fair trial. During rebuttal, the prosecutor told the jury that defendants “took advantage of a very vulnerable victim” and urged them: “Don’t let them take advantage of it again.”

Court’s Analysis and Holding

The court applied the standard from State v. Gardner, which requires reversal for prosecutorial misconduct when the prosecutor’s remarks call attention to matters the jury should not consider and there is a reasonable likelihood the error affected the verdict. The court found the prosecutor’s statement both improper and prejudicial because it improperly asked the jury to convict to prevent future victimization rather than based on the evidence. Although defense counsel requested a specific admonishment and the prosecutor agreed, the trial court gave only a “partial admonishment” that was insufficient to cure the prejudice.

Practice Implications

This case demonstrates the importance of immediately objecting to improper prosecutorial statements and requesting specific jury instructions to cure prejudice. The court also noted that on remand, severance motions should receive careful consideration, particularly when prosecutors fail to differentiate between codefendants’ varying levels of culpability during trial.

Original Opinion

Link to Original Case

Case Details

Case Name

State v. Jok

Citation

2015 UT App 90

Court

Utah Court of Appeals

Case Number

No. 20130493-CA

Date Decided

April 16, 2015

Outcome

Reversed

Holding

The prosecutor’s improper statement during closing argument that defendants should not be allowed to victimize the victim again was both improper and prejudicial, requiring reversal where the trial court’s partial admonishment was insufficient to cure the prejudice.

Standard of Review

Clear abuse of discretion for severance motions; substantial and prejudicial error standard for prosecutorial misconduct claims

Practice Tip

When prosecutorial misconduct occurs during closing argument, request specific jury instructions to cure the prejudice and object immediately to preserve the issue for appeal.

Need Appellate Counsel?

Lotus Appellate Law handles appeals before the Utah Court of Appeals, Utah Supreme Court, California Court of Appeal, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit.

Related Court Opinions

    • Utah Court of Appeals

    State v. Garcia

    February 23, 2018

    A defendant cannot establish ineffective assistance of counsel based on failure to request an arson instruction when the Utah Supreme Court already determined no prejudice resulted from other defects in the imperfect self-defense instruction.
    • Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
    • |
    • Jury Instructions
    • |
    • Preservation of Error
    Read More
    • Utah Court of Appeals

    Evans v. Huber

    January 22, 2016

    A party opposing summary judgment must controvert facts with specific evidence rather than mere allegations in the pleadings, and failure to do so results in deemed admissions under Rule 7(c)(3)(A).
    • Discovery
    • |
    • Evidence and Admissibility
    • |
    • Summary Judgment
    Read More
About these Decision Summaries

Lotus Appellate Law publishes these summaries to keep practitioners informed — not as legal advice. Each case turns on its own facts. If a decision here is relevant to your matter, we’re happy to discuss it.