Utah Court of Appeals

Can agencies interpret policies to add requirements not in the written text? Aiono v. Department of Corrections Explained

2017 UT App 143
No. 20160030-CA
August 10, 2017
Reversed

Summary

Antionette Aiono, a UDC correctional officer, was fired for allegedly violating a prohibited association policy after speaking with her cousin, an inmate, during an overtime shift and failing to immediately submit a relationship disclosure form. The CSRO upheld her termination, finding violations despite acknowledging the policy did not specify timing requirements for disclosure forms.

Analysis

The Utah Court of Appeals in Aiono v. Department of Corrections addressed a fundamental principle of administrative law: agencies cannot expand their own policies through interpretation to add requirements not contained in the plain language of the written policy.

Background and Facts

Antionette Aiono, a Utah Department of Corrections officer, worked an overtime shift at the Oquirrh facility where her cousin was incarcerated. During her shift, she spoke with her cousin. Three weeks later, she submitted a relationship disclosure form. The Department fired Aiono for allegedly violating its Prohibited Association/Conduct policy, claiming she improperly contacted a family member who was an inmate and failed to immediately submit the disclosure form. The Career Service Review Office upheld the termination.

Key Legal Issues

The primary issue was whether the Department’s policy actually prohibited Aiono’s conduct. The court applied correctness review to the CSRO’s interpretation of the written policy, rejecting the Department’s argument for deferential review.

Court’s Analysis and Holding

The court conducted a careful plain language analysis of the policy. Section six explicitly stated that “[n]othing in this section is intended to prevent employees from . . . interacting with their own family members who are offenders.” The policy also did not specify any timeframe for submitting disclosure forms. The CSRO had improperly incorporated training materials and “best practices” into its interpretation, essentially rewriting the policy to add requirements not contained in the written text.

Practice Implications

This decision reinforces that employees have “a right to read and rely on the terms” of written policies. Administrative agencies cannot circumvent the plain language of their own policies by relying on training materials, expectations, or alleged best practices to impose additional requirements. Practitioners should carefully examine the actual text of challenged policies rather than accepting agency interpretations that expand beyond the written requirements.

Original Opinion

Link to Original Case

Case Details

Case Name

Aiono v. Department of Corrections

Citation

2017 UT App 143

Court

Utah Court of Appeals

Case Number

No. 20160030-CA

Date Decided

August 10, 2017

Outcome

Reversed

Holding

An agency policy’s plain language governs employee conduct, and the Career Service Review Office cannot revise a policy through interpretation to incorporate additional requirements not explicitly stated in the written policy.

Standard of Review

Correctness for interpretation of agency policy

Practice Tip

When challenging agency interpretations of written policies, focus on the plain language of the policy text rather than agency training materials or alleged best practices that are not explicitly incorporated into the written policy.

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