Utah Court of Appeals

What constitutes entrapment in Utah enticement of a minor cases? State v. Hatchett Explained

2020 UT App 61
No. 20181042-CA
April 9, 2020
Affirmed

Summary

Defendant posted a Craigslist advertisement seeking men aged 18-25 for sexual encounters. An undercover agent posing as a 13-year-old responded, and defendant initiated extensive sexual communications. Defendant was arrested when he arrived at a meeting location and was convicted of enticement of a minor.

Analysis

The Utah Court of Appeals addressed the boundaries of the entrapment defense in online sting operations targeting sexual predators in State v. Hatchett. This case provides important guidance on when law enforcement conduct crosses the line from providing opportunity into improper inducement.

Background and Facts

Defendant posted a Craigslist advertisement titled “Dad looking for Son (Provo)” seeking men aged 18-25 for sexual encounters and drug use. An undercover agent from the Internet Crimes Against Children Task Force, posing as “Cade,” responded asking “how yung is 2 yung.” When the agent revealed he was “almost 14,” defendant continued pursuing sexual contact, initiating at least 16 text conversations and three phone calls. The agent initiated only two text conversations. Defendant was arrested at their planned meeting location.

Key Legal Issues

The central issue was whether the undercover operation constituted entrapment under Utah Code § 76-2-303(1). Defendant argued law enforcement “created a substantial risk that the offense of enticement would occur” when the agent responded to his advertisement without prior knowledge of his interest in minors. The court applied Utah’s objective standard, which focuses solely on police conduct rather than defendant’s predisposition.

Court’s Analysis and Holding

The court affirmed the conviction, distinguishing State v. Kourbelas where entrapment was found. Unlike Kourbelas, the agent here did not persistently request illegal conduct or initiate discussion of sexual activity. The agent’s training to identify advertisements potentially targeting minors provided reasonable suspicion. Most significantly, defendant immediately began sexual communications after learning of the purported minor’s age, demonstrating he was “otherwise ready to commit” the offense.

Practice Implications

This decision reinforces that Utah’s entrapment statute requires more than causation—defendants must show law enforcement used methods creating substantial risk that someone not otherwise ready would commit the offense. Merely providing opportunity, even through deceptive means, does not constitute entrapment. The ruling validates common undercover techniques in online predator investigations when agents avoid actively inducing criminal conduct.

Original Opinion

Link to Original Case

Case Details

Case Name

State v. Hatchett

Citation

2020 UT App 61

Court

Utah Court of Appeals

Case Number

No. 20181042-CA

Date Decided

April 9, 2020

Outcome

Affirmed

Holding

Law enforcement did not entrap defendant when an undercover agent responded to defendant’s Craigslist advertisement seeking young men and defendant subsequently initiated sexual communications with the agent posing as a minor.

Standard of Review

Mixed question of law and fact; where factual findings are not challenged, appellate court reviews whether reasonable minds can differ as to whether entrapment occurred

Practice Tip

When defending entrapment claims, focus on whether law enforcement used improper methods beyond merely providing opportunity, as Utah follows an objective standard examining police conduct rather than defendant’s predisposition.

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